Gram flour (besan) is made by milling split bengal gram to a fine flour. Also known as gram flour in many recipes. It is a fine, pale yellow flour made from roasted chana dal (Cictrarietinum). Besan is used as a batter for deep frying and in soups. It is traditionally used in batters for vegetable fritters (pakoras) and savories working as a binding agent. Many Pakistan   sweets are made from besan. It is to a  Pakistan  kitchen what egg is to a western kitchen.